Easier way
tar -czvf osp2.tar.gz --exclude=*.png --exclude=*.jpg --exclude=*.pdf --exclude=*.zip --exclude=*.gz --exclude=*.tar osp
here i am creating .gz archive from osp directory. For some I needed multiple exclude for each file extension. Some one can digg into this.
Tougher way
Example of how to gzip a single file
tar cvf - foofoo.sql | gzip > foofoo.tar.gz
Example of how to gzip an entire directory:
cd a1
tar cvf - . | gzip > ~/backup-020916.tar.gz
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